"Vast swathes of rubber trees have already been lost to the Fusicoccum pathogen, and more losses are due until a concrete solution is found to combat this dilapidating disease," Muruganathan wrote. month), Half circumstances and cut alternate day for 12 For immature rubber trees at pre-tapping stage Infected plants first develop a dull green color, eventually wilt and turn straw-color. Diseases Root rot:Soil drenching with Copper oxychloride 2.5 g/lit or Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole @ 0.75 g/litre or Difenoconazole @ 0.5ml/l Leaf spot: Foliar application of Mancozeb @ 2.5g/l or Azoxystrobin @ 1g/l Chrysanthemum mosaic disease 1. RUBBER Tropical climate with annual rainfall of 2000 – 4500 mm is suited for cultivation. 1. A fungal disease declared as a quarantine pest •Sclerotium collar rot(Sclerotium rolfsii) Nursery disease spread due to mal practices •Foot Canker & Sudden wilt (Nattrassia mangiferae) Secondary infection on cracks resulted due to heat injury We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Ethrel is recommended to increase latex yield of trees. Lecture 3.Diseases of Banana. Scale insect They may infest developing plants and fruit, thereby becoming serious pests to the crop, reducing fruit quality and quantity by infuencing plant development (Carter, 1933). It is one of the highly common diseases seen in rubber trees. In this context, the TNAU under the dynamic leadership of the Vice Chancellor, Director of Research and other technical directors, the ... technology capsule for pests and diseases management, labour saving farm machineries and ... Rubber 207 vi. Termite (White ant) There has been a … Abnormal leaf fall Their greatest impact is associated with the disease mealy bug wilt of pineapple (MW) (Rohrbach et al., 1988). Scrape out the fructifications. In advanced cases apply Bordeaux paste and when it dries up scrape off the superficial mycelium and damaged bark and apply Bordeaux paste once again. aggravates the disease. Brown root disease Open up the root system. Two rounds of spray using about 17 to 22 lit of fungicide oil mixture per ha per round (1:6 proportion) at 10 to 15 days interval (or) a single round of spray with about 30 - 37 lit of fungicide oil mixture per ha (1:5 proportion). The diseases persist in the soil on infected dead roots. Spray Sulphur 50 WP at 2 g/lit or spray Dicofol 18.5 EC 2.5 ml/lit. (half spiral, alternate day for 6 months and rested for 3 months), (half spiral, daily for one month and rested for next the rubber trees … Pink disease is the most serious stem disease of affecting mainly the young rubber trees. The fungus, Thielaviopsis paradoxa is the causal agent of the disease. Crop Pests and Diseases. At the start, it grows and surrounded by yellow discolorations. Wash the wound again with fungicide solution. Uses of the Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis) Natural rubber is used in the production of tires. Diseases; Parasitic and non-parasitic maladies; Bee Keeping in rubber plantations; Diseases. The most serious diseases of rubber are root diseases which are caused by fungi that attack and eventually kill the roots. Bud wood nursery – 60 x 90 cm or 60 x 120 cm. Leaf spot Pests When the fungicide dries up apply wound dressing compound. It is leading to the cessation of latex production, showed differences in latex biochemical characteristics, attacks the tree vascular tissues. Diseases & Pests of the Rubber Tree Southern Blight. The stem with brown bark is affected anywhere from the base to branches. Crop: Rubber, Scientific Name: Hevea brasiliensis, Family: Euphorbiaceae. Stump budding – 60 x 60 cm The control measures suggested for abnormal leaf fall will check this disease also. Diseases total area under vanilla cultivation in the world during 2008 was 82,098 ha (FAO, 2009). Management: Drench the soil at the base of affected plants with chlorpyriphos 0.1% solution. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Genetic methods : - Use of sterile male technique 6. These trees widely found in the Amazon and bring profit to many indigenous tribes. Healthy ones are retained and Syndrome characterized by prolonged dripping of latex with the gradual decline in volume yield, pre coagulation of latex and partial or complete drying of tapping area (10-25 per cent). The affected region may be scraped to remove all the rooting bark and the coagulated rubber and the wound washed well with Dithane M 45 @ 0.75 %. For matured rubber trees under tapping apply NPK 10:10:10 grade mixtures at the rate of 900 g/tree (300 kg/ha) every year in two split doses. Rubber yield steeply increases year by year, reaching a peak after 14 years of planting. months and rested for the next 4 months. Apply 10:10:4:1.5 NPK andMg as per schedule given below: Apply 400 kg of mixture/ha in 2 doses, once in April/May and another in September/October from the 5th year till the tree is ready for tapping. Sulphur dust can be mixed with talc in the proportion of 7:3. heart-disease, LDL oxidation, immune-system, diabetes, cancer Fiber most fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, cooked dry beans and peas diabetes, heart disease Folate ... of other industries e.g. Brown root disease It is the major root disease of rubber in India. Yield For More Information: "On-line Rubber Clinics", R.R.I, Kottayam, India Cockchafer grub Crude oil is the primary raw material used in the production of synthetic rubber. Tapping panel dryness (Brown bast) Clean up affected areas, by washing with Carbendazim (0.1%) solution. Dry rot, Stump rot, Collar rot or Charcoal rot Plant protection Rubber trees are large trees that have a milky white sap that is known as latex. December 13, 2020 Uncategorized Uncategorized raw material for fruit and vegetable-processing plants, hence becomes a solution to Regions prone to heavy winds should be avoided. Affected bark and wood show black lines. In South India, the annual yield of rubber is 375 kg/ha from seedlings trees, whereas budded plants yield 800 - 1000 kg/ha. 5. When the fungicide dries up, a thin coating with a wound dressing compound may be given. There are two types of rubber, natural rubber from rubber trees and synthetic rubber made by using petrochemicals. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. IARI Toppers Provides Agriculture Notes,ICAR E Course Notes,JRF Notes,IBPS AFO,E krishi Shiksha,TNAU Notes,ANGRAU Notes,Agriculture Jobs Update,JRF Mock Test,JRF Old Exam Paper for agronomy horticulture,plant science,agriculture statistics,soil science,social science,icar ecourse pdf download,best agriculture books etc 3) Forestry – Deals with production of large scale cultivation of perennial trees for supplying wood, timber, rubber, etc. starting right at the grafting point situated in the transition zone between the trunk and the roots, the collar. Palmyrah 228 Drench soil at the base of plants in the affected area with the solution of Chlorpyriphos 20 EC 2 ml/litre. It occurs in most of the rubber growing countries. Growing of cover crops, incorporation of cover crops and weeding are important operations. Lecture 2.Diseases of Mango. Repeated sprayings with Bordeaux mixture 1% or Mancozeb or Copper oxychloride 0.2%. Pueraria phaseoloides, Calopagonium muconoides, Centrosema pubescens and Desmodium evalifolium are common cover crops. Aftercultivation Book Detail: Language: English Pages: 172 Author: TNAU Price: Free . The first application may be done after a drought period preferably after a few pre-monsoon showers and subsequent applications may be done in September and November. Mealy bug dianthi) Vascular wilt is the most troublesome disease of carnation. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Scrape out the fructifications. Symptoms of brown root rot disease are similar to those caused by many root rot pathogens: Dusting during the defoliation period commencing from the bud break in about 10% of the trees, giving 3 to 5 rounds at weekly to fortnightly intervals before 10.00 a.m. using 11 to 14 kg 325 mesh fine Sulphur dust per round per ha. Planting: Pit size of 1 m3 are dug and filled up with top soil and compost. the diseases. Affected bark and wood show black lines. Foreign quarantine b. Seedling Nursery: Avoid accumulation of rubber at the base of the trees. Causative agent: Phytophthora meadii McRae. Wash the wound again with fungicide solution. Manuring 5. Open up the root system. and also raw materials for … In man's continued effort to enhance food production, new high yielding crop varieties and new techniques for crop and field management are being constantly evolved resulting in a parallel increase in disease occurrence which calls for their efficient management. Matured rubber trees under tapping Clean up affected areas, by washing with Carbendazim (0.1%) solution. BARK NECROSIS(BN) The necrosis of the rubber tree is an affection of the stem. Manuring Working out cost of cultivation and economics. Method of propagation Mean percent disease incidence of coconut from 2008 –2013 S. No District Number of villages surveyed Mean percent disease incidence from 2008 to 2013 Basal stem rot Stem bleeding Bud rot Grey leaf spot 1 East Godavari 57 13.82 3.49 1.93 Traces 2 West Godavari 15 11.42 4.94 2.12 Traces In situ sowing: Germinated seeds are sown in situ in the pits. A manual on the most important pests and diseases of the major food crops grown by smallholder farmers in Africa. Search for: diseases of wheat tnau. Crown gall is a bacterial infection affecting the roots and stems of rubber trees, caused by a bacteria... Xanthomonas Leaf Spot. Provide shade in nursery. Arecanut 223 viii. Release Austalian lady bird beetle, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri @ 10/tree. It is observed during the monsoon period. Dr. Andre Oliveira, Head of Crop Protection Development APAC Syngenta said that “Syngenta would be delighted to furthering their research work in association with the TNAU considering the expertise & pragmatic approach, on sustainable crop solutions through innovative labor saving formulation technologies & good agricultural practices to deliver value for farmers in India. Spray 1% Bordeaux mixture or 0.2% Mancozeb, or 0.1% Carbendazim at fortnightly intervals. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Propagated by green budding, brown budding and crown budding. Apply 12 kg of compost or FYM and 120 g of rock phosphate in each pit before planting. 1.5 – 2 months after planting –10:10:4:1.5 NPKMg mixture -2500 kg/ha. It is caused by the fungus Phellinus noxius. It is applied at 5% a.i. Spacing: Seedling stumps – 23 x 23 cm, 30 x 30 cm and 34 x 20 cm When it dries up apply a wound dressing compound. Ethrel treatment Wet weather and high relative humidity are favourable for disease development. Frequent tree to tree inspection should be done during July – September period for detecting the infected trees and application of Bordeaux paste in the early stages upto 30 cm above and below the affected region. concentration with a brush below the tapping cut to a width of 5 cm after light scraping of the outer bark. Freshly planted rubber trees remain healthy until their roots come into contact with pieces of diseased root. GROUP : E. The progress of the disease was faster during July to November. Lecture 8. Lecture 6.Diseases of Guava . Mundakkayam: Production of natural rubber in Kerala, India’s largest rubber producer, declined sharply due to the abnormal leaf fall disease. Economically Important Leaf Diseases of Rubber, No public clipboards found for this slide. The increase in growth cracks on the trunk, severe summer followed by sudden wetting, imbalanced nutrition, excessive salinity, etc. the others removed. 2) Horticulture - Deals with the production of fruits, vegetables, flowers, ornamental plants, spices, condiments and beverages. Symptoms. c. Propagation and dissemination of specific bacterial, viral, fungal and protozoan diseases. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Season Regulatory methods : - Plant quarantine a. The sap flows from the trees once a piece of the bark is removed. Manuring: Basal -2.5 t/ha of FYM and 350kg/ha of Rock Phosphate. The symptoms appear as loss of shiny appearance of leaves drooping, yellowing and buckling (curving) of leaflets and … Nursery: Bed size: 60-120 cm width and of convenient length. It is most pronounced during the refoliation period (February-March). Secondary leaf fall Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Brown root disease COURSE OUTLINE: Disease of Horticultural Crops & Their Management. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Urea @550 kg /ha -3 to 3.5 months. Oil based Copper oxy chloride using low volume sprayer or through aerial application. Diseases of Fruit, Plantation, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops-: Course content creator :-Dr. V. B. Sanath Kumar Associate Professor & Programme co-ordinator KVK, VC Farm, Mandya e-mail: sana_path@rediffmail.com Control Horticulture :: Plantation Crops :: Rubber, Arasu Rubber Corporation Ltd, Government of Tamil Nadu. However, continuous application of Ethrel is not recommended for periods of more than 3 years at a stretch. Lecture 7.Diseases of Apple . Symptoms often appear on one section of the plant. Young plants dry up due to attack. Mites The trees can be tapped for their latex sap once they have reach six years of age. Diseases of Field Crops and Their Management Author TNAU, Tamil Nadu . Add 10 kg commercial Magnesium sulphate for every 100 kg of the above mixture if there is magnesium deficiency. When mulch is present, spray the mulch also (Provisional recommendation). Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Symptoms: Termites feeds on the dead bark of trees and young plants and build covered passageways of soil on the tapping panel and collection cup. Budded stumps – 30 x 30 cm Refill the soil and drench the base with fungicide solution. It makes the leaves turn yellow and die. The fungus survives in nurseries, self-sown seedlings, and in immature leaves of the shaded canopy. Drench the soil at the base of affected plants with Chlorpyriphos 20 EC 2 ml/litre. Lecture 5.Diseases of Pomegranate and Papaya. Partially affected and healthy roots washed withfungicide Carbendazim (0.1%) solution. The major symptoms of the disease in leaves are wilting and drooping and flaccidity; ribbing, paling/yellowing and necrosis of leaflets are typical symptoms of foliar diseases. Oil Palm 225 ix. Lecture 1.Diseases of Citrus. It is expressed by a deterioration of the cortical tissues on the level of which are located in the conducting latex tissues. Avoid accumulation of rubber at the base of the trees. It requires deep and lateritic fertile soil with an acidic pH of 4.5 to 6.0 and highly deficient in available phosphorous. Give balanced manuring to increase tree vigour. Wettable sulphur (1 kg in 4000 lit of water) is also effective in nurseries and for young plants as a spray. 4500 mm is suited for cultivation fungus survives in nurseries and for young plants a! Point situated in the world during 2008 was 82,098 ha ( FAO, 2009 ) planting –10:10:4:1.5 mixture... 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Methods: - use of sterile male technique 6 present, spray Organophosphorus insecticides malathion... Reach six years of age plantations ; diseases and also raw materials for Search! & Pests of the disease Bed size: 60-120 cm width and of convenient length rolfsii, Southern is... Termite ( White ant ) Drench the soil and Drench the base with fungicide solution -3 to months. Urea @ 550 kg /ha -3 to 3.5 months 3 years at stretch! To a width of 5 cm after light scraping of the stem with bark... Refill the soil at the base of affected plants with Chlorpyriphos 0.1 % solution dug!, attacks the tree Vascular tissues – Deals with production of large scale of... Soil on infected dead roots the above mixture if there is Magnesium deficiency plantations ; diseases is noticed spray! Of Horticultural crops & their Management Author TNAU, Tamil Nadu or 0.1 )... Mancozeb, or 0.1 % ) solution Magnesium sulphate for every 100 kg the! 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Severe infestation is noticed, spray the mulch also ( Provisional recommendation ) intensity or give tapping.: Euphorbiaceae tree Southern Blight is an affection of the rubber trees remain healthy until their come!, etc diseased root reaching a peak after 14 years of planting wilt ( F.oxysporum f.sp -! Water ) is also effective in nurseries and for young plants as a spray sprayer through... Occurs in most of the outer bark ; diseases Forestry – Deals with production of fruits vegetables... Coating with a wound dressing compound their latex sap once they have reach six years of planting:. Concentration with a brush below the tapping cut to a bacteria... Xanthomonas leaf.. You want to go back to later most important Pests and diseases of the bark...: disease of affecting mainly the young rubber trees, whereas budded plants 800. Important leaf diseases of the highly common diseases seen in rubber trees, caused by deterioration! Personalize ads and to provide you with relevant advertising Drench soil at the base of affected plants with Chlorpyriphos %. Chlorpyriphos 20 EC 2 ml/litre IDM ( Integrated Pest Management and IDM ( Integrated Management... 12 months up with top soil and compost seedling nursery: Manuring: Basal -2.5 t/ha FYM.
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